Continuing disaster of endosulfan in kasargod and kannur districts of kerala abstract between 1976 and 2000, more than 50,000 villagers of kasargod district in kerala, india have been exposed to endosulfan, a persistent organic pesticide, sprayed on the cashew plantations owned by the plantation corporation of kerala. The chemical is banned in 80 countries, but was used in kerala for aerial crop spraying for 20 years. I would like to invite you to keralafamously known as gods own country. Als environmental does not sell chemicals, but offers analytical lab testing to determine the presence of various elements and chemical compounds. A toxic organochlorine pesticide of moderate mammalian toxicity which doesnt accumulate in the tissues of man or animals to any significant extent. Endosulfan, a kerala story keralaviews weblog keralaviews weblog. Endosulfan definition of endosulfan by the free dictionary.
Apr 23, 2011 endosulfan, a kerala story saturday, apr 23 2011. It has directed kerala government to release entire rs. Endosulfan registration endosulfan is a sulfurous acid ester of chlorinated cyclic diol and was registered in india by registration committee under the insecticide act after considering all the data on chemistry, residues, bioefficacy and toxicology data including acute oral and dermal toxicity, skin irritation, carcinogenicity, mutageneicity, tetragenecity in the country. Analysis of milk from cows which survived the poisoning revealed level of greater than 1 ppm endosulfan immediately following the intoxication. This edition supersedes any previously released draft or final profile. But of late, muthalamada panchayat in keralas palakkad district has gained notoriety for excessive use of endosulfan in its mango orchards. It is also banned in the state of kerala, india, as a result of severe adverse. The tragedy of people exposed to pesticide endosulfan in kasaragod district of kerala is continuing. Endosulfan poisoning and the struggle of the community in. Only protected handlers may be in the area during application. Another cluster of endosulfaninduced illness in india. Problems with endosulfan can be related to its high toxicity for the aquatic. Kerala banned the sale and use of endosulfan within its boundary in 2003. The results of environmental monitoring and an assessment of use patterns over the next three years will be examined to determine whether endosulfan can continue to be used.
Use of endosulphan in kasaragod distric, kerala, india ejatlas. Decision red on endosulfan as well as other publicly available data. International ltd, and in udyogamandal, kerala hindustan insecticides ltd. Jan 12, 2017 the supreme court has described side effects of endosulfan, a highly toxic agrochemical pesticide as devastating.
Endosulfan poisoning in kasargod, kerala, india 1 report of a fact finding misssion over the past 2 decades, the pesticide endosulfan has been aerially sprayed on a cashew nut plantation covering several villages in kasargod district, kerala state, india. The supreme court has described side effects of endosulfan, a highly toxic agrochemical pesticide as devastating. A raging controversy has been going on about the aerial spraying of endosulfan, an organochlorine, pesticide in the cashew plantations of enmakaje panchayat in kasargod district of kerala and its role in the causation of high morbidity and greater prevalence of congenital malformations and malignancies in the area. A toxicological profile for endosulfan, draft for public comment was released in may 20. Researchers studying children from an isolated village in kerala, india in 2003 linked endosulfan exposure to delays in sexual maturity among boys. In places like muliyar, periye, enmakaje, cheemeni and pedre in the cashew plantations aerial spraying of pesticide to wipe of tea mosquitoes was undertaken by plantation corporation of kerala pck back from 1978 onwards. Moreover, cng is cheaper than petrol or diesel, cannot be siphoned off by thieves and adulterated like petrol or diesel. But of late, muthalamada panchayat in kerala s palakkad district has gained notoriety for excessive use of endosulfan in its mango orchards.
The government of kerala has directed the kerala state council for science technology and environment kscste for monitoring endosulfan persistence in soil, water and blood samples in the selected areas of kasaragod district and its impacts on human health and environment vide g. The main problem with switching over to cng is the difficulty. A highly toxic crystalline solid, c9h6cl6o3s, used as an insecticide and wood preservative. I would like to invite you to kerala famously known as gods own country. Because of its threats to human health and the environment, a global ban on the manufacture and use of endosulfan was negotiated under the stockholm convention in april 2011. But over the years she has become a leader fighting for the victims and leading their struggles. An invisible disaster endosulfan tragedy of kerala.
Endosulfan is also a synthetic substance that imitates or enhances the effect of the female hormone estrogen, which means it can cause reproductive and developmental damage in both animals and humans. Plantation corporation of kerala, a state government enterprise has cultivated cashew plant in the vast areas of this district. Tracking decadeslong endosulfan tragedy in kerala down to earth. Nov 16, 2015 the kerala story of the broken dreams of thousands affected. However, it only becomes penance for four years of inaction after he assumed office. In its commercial form, endosulfan is composed of two stereoisomers. Permanently bedridden, this young boy is symbolic of. Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other persons, either directly or through drift. Kerala in south india is flanked by the arabian sea on one side and the sahayadris on one side and as a result this south indian state has a lot to offer nature buffs in terms of exotic flora, natural greens and of course birds and wild animals. Endosulfan is used on food crops such as grains, tea, fruits, and vegetables, and on nonfood crops such as tobacco and cotton.
Other poisonings are reported from indonesia, philippines, sudan. Meet an endosulfan victim who fights for the rights of others. Technical grade endosulfan is a diastereomeric mixture of two biologically active isomers. Muneesa, a visually impaired woman, is also an endosulfan victim. This conversion may have resulted in character translation or format errors. Endosulfan is an offpatent organochlorine insecticide and acaricide that is being phased out this inspired protests, and the pesticide was banned in kerala as early as, following a report by the national institute of occupational health. Feb 01, 2011 continuing disaster of endosulfan in kasargod and kannur districts of kerala abstract between 1976 and 2000, more than 50,000 villagers of kasargod district in kerala, india have been exposed to endosulfan, a persistent organic pesticide, sprayed on the cashew plantations owned by the plantation corporation of kerala. It is one of the most commonly used pesticides in the california central valley, one of the most cultivated areas in the united states bradford et al. Endosulfan poses problems due to its persistence in the environment.
The case of the endosulfan disaster that occurred in kasargod, kerala can be accounted to environmental harms which detrimentally affected the environment and its units, especially humans. Users are referred to the original paper copy of the toxicological profile for the official text, figures, and tables. The issue of finding endosulfan in serum samples of the control population was. Second, the kau, thrissur district kerala, india, studied endosulfan levels in. Indias children reap the bitter harvest of endosulfan. People residing in the villages within the plantation have been afflicted with different. Endosulfan destroyed biodiversity of kasaragod villages. Several transformation products have been identified in the environment with endosulfan sulfate cas number 1031078 being the prevailing one. In addition endosulfan diol, endosulfan hydroxy carboxylic acid and endosulfan. Endosulfan 3ec page 2 of 10 directions for use restricted use pesticide it is a violation of federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. Despite the sympathies expressed for endosulfan campaign while he was the opposition leader, mr. The atsdr toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described here. Environmental issues cng burns most efficiently, unlike petrol or diesel, in the automobiles and very little of it is left unburnt.
It is also used as a wood preservative atsdr, 2000. Endosulfan definition is a toxic crystalline chlorinated insecticide and acaricide c9h6cl6o3s used especially on food crops. Disaster of endosulfan in kasargod and kannur endosulfan. Articles on endosulfan, complete coverage on endosulfan. The spraying of endsosulfan in the cashew plantations of stateowned plantation corporation of kerala caused a disaster on the biodiversity of the area, a study by the dr. Now, the indian press is reporting another cluster of endosulfan induced disease a couple hundred miles. Endosulfan definition of endosulfan by merriamwebster. In 2003, the high court of kerala upheld the order of lower court and it permanently stopped endosulfan spraying.
The two isomers, endo and exo, are known popularly as i and ii. Pdf an invisible disaster endosulfan tragedy of kerala s. Endosulfan production, negative effects, ban in india. It is used primarily on food crops like tea, fruits, vegetables and on grains it is used against cabbage worms, whiteflies, leafhoppers, aphids and colorado potato beetles. The pesticide is still used for cotton and cashew plantations in many parts of the nation karnataka, punjab, assam and andhra pradesh. Achuthanandan should be congratulated for offering fast on april 25 to press for ban on endosulfan. Kasargod district is located in the southern part of india in kerala state. What endosulfan did to these children in kerala s kasaragod. Endosulfan tragedy in kerala gods own country kerala. Indias children reap the bitter harvest of endosulfan this article is more than 8 years old in some keralan villages half the families have a severely disabled child. The toxicity of endosulfan and health issues due to its bioaccumulation came under media attention when health issues precipitated in the kasargod district of kerala were publicised. The suffering caused by years of endosulfan use on cashew plantations in kerala s kasaragod district is well known. The spraying of endsosulfan in the cashew plantations of stateowned plantation corporation of kerala caused a disaster on the biodiversity of the area, a. Endosulfan production, negative effects, ban in india byjus.
Jan 11, 2017 endosulfan became a highly controversial agrichemical due to its acute toxicity, potential for bioaccumulation, and role as an endocrine disruptor. For instance, aftereffects of spraying endosulfan in the proendosulfan. The assessment addressed issues such as the endocrine disruption and neurotoxicity potential of endosulfan. Endosulfan is primarily used as an insecticide in agriculture and it is also used as a wood preservative. Dec 12, 2014 initiatives by the government enquiry commissions. From the public health point of view, the continued use of endosulfan is not a significant risk to public health under the risk management controls and health. Endosulfan is an insecticide that is applied extensively to coffee, tea, and cotton crops, among others. The pesticide endosulfan was sprayed aerially for around 25 years in cashew plantations situated in kasargod and caused severe diseases and extensive. And information dissemination service project final report. Indias endosulfan disaster india environment portal.
Endosulfan poisoning and the struggle of the community in kasaragod to regain life and the living land sridhar r, thanal, kerala india, 2008 the story poisoned villages victims of chemical pest control people realise, study and act community led monitoring and remediation. Use of endosulphan in kasaragod distric, kerala, india. But undiluted endosulfan is slowly and incompletely absorbed in the git of warm blooded animals. Over 20 years of aerial spraying on cashew plantations in kerala and other states has. What endosulfan did to these children in keralas kasaragod. They deserve the compensation for living with their heads held up high. Participants took longer to fall asleep after reading an leebook and. Endosulfan has been used globally as a pesticide since the 1950s to control a variety of insects including whiteflies, aphids, leafhoppers, colorado potato beetles, and cabbage worms. Endosulfan molecule of the month june 2011 htmlonly version. Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. The present paper tries to evaluate the effects of endosulfan on environment and humans and the genesis of problems caused in kasargod district of. The endosulfan controversy in padre village kasargod kerala. In a major change of position, india on friday accepted at a world convention in geneva that the pesticide endosulfan is a health hazard. The pesticide may travel long distances in the air before it lands on crops, soil, or water.
Endosulfan poisoning and the struggle of the community in kasaragod to regain life and the living land sridhar r, thanal, kerala india, 2008 the story poisoned villages victims of chemical pest control people realise, study and act community led monitoring and remediation industry and regulators reacts. Many cotton farmers have died in west africa, especially benin, senegal, mali and togo. As the plantations are in a mountainous area, the pesticide residues settled on the soil and got washed away when it rained into drinking water streams below. When sevenyearold sharanya was born, her parents rukmini and chandran were relieved the baby was normal. The enormity of the health problems in the area was brought to the notice. The issue came to light over decades with growing international. Pdf the commentary by sreekumar and prathapan 1 that brings to light a few flaws in the. H i g h l y h a z a r d o u s p e s t i c i d e s endosulfan. The technical product must contain at least 94% endosulfan in accordance with specifications of the food and agricultural. It is considered by many experts in the field of pesticide toxicity as one of the worst pesticide disasters to happen to a region and its people. Feb 15, 2017 an endosulfan based insecticide, on sale in karnataka in 2010. Endosulfan sulfate is a product of oxidation containing one extra o atom attached to t.
Join thousands of satisfied visitors who discovered ltd company, company industry and chemical companies. Endosulfan is an organochlorine insecticide and acaricide that is commonly used in the us for agricultural pest control atsdr, 2000. Endosulfan is an offpatent organochlorine insecticide and acaricide that is being phased out globally. Endosulfan in the environment gets accumulated in food chains leading to higher doses causing problems. These enquiry reports some how finds that pesticide endosulfan is responsible for the horrendous mutations and ailments that many in the villages of kasaragod district are suffering form.
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